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Hydrofluoric Acid

Hydrofluoric Acid is a colourless gas or a fuming liquid and is a poison.

Why this substance is hazardous?​

  • Hydrofluoric acid (HF), as a liquid, is a contact poison, causing deep and painful chemicals burns that canÌýlead to tissue death
  • As a gas, it is an acute poisonÌýtheÌýmay cause immediate and permeant damage to the lungs and eyes​
  • Once in the body, it will interfere with calcium metabolism and can cause systemic toxicity and may lead toÌýdeath

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HF is the precursor for almost all fluorine compounds such as fluorides andÌýorganofluorineÌýcompounds.Ìý​
It can dissolve most oxides and silicates and is often used as a cleaning agent for stainless and carbonÌýsteels.

Recommended control measures​


This is a controlled chemicalÌý(Poison (UCL ref PA033)) – see information on standards for all controlledÌýchemicals

Always have a designated HF treatment and spill kit available​

Minimise the likelihood of exposure​

  • Only work within a dedicated fume cupboard that has warning signs
  • Avoid heating and other activates that would produce a gas
  • If HF gas is produced, or hydrofluoric acid (a solution of HF in water), do not store in glass as it reacts withÌýthe container
  • Always use the most appropriate gloves for the work being done. Chemical resistance gloves do provideÌýprotection againstÌýHFÌýbut this depends on the concentration of HF e.g. level 6 gloves (highest for chemicalÌýresistance) will provide full protection (> 480 minutes for 10% solution but only 21 minutes for a 73%Ìýsolution

First aid​

  • Wash exposed skin forÌýat least 20 minutes. Rinse exposed eyes for at leastÌý20Ìý³¾¾±²Ô³Ü³Ù±ð²õ
  • Apply calcium gluconate gel to the area. Wear gloves while doing this to prevent secondary exposure. TheÌýgel will turn white when it reacts with the acid
  • As symptoms may not occur for several hours, treatment must be given to all suspected areas ofÌýexposure​
  • Take to the hospital as soon as possible​
  • If exposed to a gas, you can treat with oxygen​
  • If ingested do not induce vomiting​

Health surveillanceÌý​


Not required.

Chemical safety library


> Read more about control measures for chemicals in our chemical safety libraryÌý

Last updated: Tuesday, June 23, 2020